HIDE

311 Emperor Galerius legal recognizes Christians in the Roman Empire
313 Roman emperor Licinius unifies the entire Eastern Roman Empire under his rule.
711 Islamic conquest of Hispania: Moorish troops led by Tariq ibn-Ziyad land at Gibraltar to begin their invasion of the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus).
1006 Supernova SN 1006, the brightest supernova in recorded history, appears in the constellation Lupus.
1064 German King Henry IV gives away Utrecht county of West Friesland
1315 Enguerrand de Marigny is hanged on the public gallows at Montfaucon.
1349 Jewish community at Radolszell Germany, exterminated
1396 Crusaders & earl of Nevers depart from Dijon
1483 Orbital calculations suggest that on this day, Pluto moved inside Neptune's orbit until July 23, 1503.
1492 Spain announces it will expels all Jews
1492 Spain gives Christopher Columbus his commission of exploration.
1506 Philip of Bourgondy & England sign trade agreement
1513 Edmund de la Pole, Yorkist pretender to the English throne, is executed on the orders of Henry VIII.
1527 England & France sign treaty of Westminster
1562 1st French colonists in US: Jean Ribaut & Hugenots at Parris Is NC
1563 Jews are expelled from France by order of Charles VI
1598 1st theater performance in America (Spanish comedy-Rio Grande)
1616 English King Jacob I leaves Brielle/Vlissingen
1650 French rebel Henri de la Tour Turenne signs treaty with Spain
1661 Tsjeng Tsj'eng-Kung begins siege of Dutch fort Zeelandia, Formosa
1671 Petar Zrinski, the Croatian Ban from the Zrinski family, is executed.
1695 William Congreve's "Love for Love," premieres in London
1722 Game of Billiards is mentioned in New England Courant
1725 Emperor Charles VI & King Philip IV of Spain sign Treaty of Vienna
1748 Ceasefire at Aken ends
1763 London Journalist John Wilkes confined in the Tower
1772 John Clais patents 1st scale
1774 Pope Clement XIV proclaims a universal jubilee
1789 On the balcony of Federal Hall on Wall Street in New York City, George Washington takes the oath of office to become the first elected President of the United States.
1790 Colonial troops occupy Bonni's marroon village
1794 The Battle of Boulou is fought, in which French forces defeated the Spanish under General Union.
1798 Dept of Navy forms
1803 The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory from France for $15 million, more than doubling the size of the young nation.
1804 Hague's Theater opens
1808 1st practical typewriter finished by Italian Pellegrini Turri
1812 (The Territory of Orleans ) Louisiana admitted as 18th US state
1838 Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.
1852 Anton Rubinsteins opera "Dmitri Donskoi," premieres in St Petersburg
1857 San Jose State University forms
1859 Charles Dickens' "A Tale Of Two Cities" is first published in literary periodical All the Year Round, continues in weekly installments until Nov 26
1859 Paul Morphy returns from 10-mo chess tour of Europe, retires
1860 Navaho indians attack Fort Defiance (Canby)
1861 President Lincoln ordered Federal Troops to evacuate Indian Territory
1862 Swift Run Gap, WV skirmishes
1863 Mexican forces attacked the French Foreign Legion in Hacienda Camarón, Mexico.
1864 Battle of Jenkin's Ferry, Arkansas; Gen W R Scurry is killed
1864 New York becomes 1st state to charge a hunting license fee
1865 Gen Shermans "Haines's Bluff" at Snyder's Mill, Virginia
1869 Hawaiian YMCA organized
1871 Apaches in Arizona surrender to white & Mexican adventurers, 144 die
1871 The Camp Grant Massacre takes place in Arizona Territory.
1885 Boston Pops Orchestra forms
1887 1st game played at Broad & Huntingdon St Park (Baker Bowl) in Philadelphia; Phillies beat Giants 19-10
1888 Hail stones kills about 250 in Moradabad district of Delhi
1889 1st US national holiday, on centennial of Washington's inauguration
1889 George Washington Bridge linking NYC & NJ opens
1894 Coxey's Army reaches Washington, D.C. to protest the unemployment caused by the Panic of 1893.
1898 Championship wrestling match at Met turns into a brawl
1900 165 lb Robert Fitzsimmons KOs 305 lb Ed Dunkhost in a boxing match
1900 Casey Jones dies in a train wreck in Vaughn, Mississippi, while trying to make up time on the Cannonball Express.
1900 Hawaii becomes a territory of the United States, with Sanford B. Dole as governor.
1902 Debussy's opera "Pelléas et Mélissande," premieres in Paris
1903 NY Highlanders (Yankees) 1st home game, (Hilltop Park-168th St & Broadway, Manhattan), they beat Wash Senators, 6-2
1904 Ice cream cone makes its debut
1904 The Louisiana Purchase Exposition World's Fair opens in St. Louis, Missouri.
1905 1st official soccer game between Belgium-Netherlands (1-4)
1907 Honolulu, Hawaii becomes an independent city.
1910 Cleveland Indian Addie Joss wins 2nd no-hitter beating White Sox
1911 Portugal approves woman suffrage
1916 Chicago Cubs play 1st game at Weeghman Park (Wrigley Field) beat Reds
1918 Orange Nassau soccer team forms in Groningen
1919 Phillies beat Bkln Dodgers 9-0 in 20 innings
1920 Peru becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
1921 American Professional Football Association reorganizes in Akron
1921 Pope Benedict XV encyclical "On Dante"
1922 Chic White Sox Charles Robertson perfect games Detroit Tigers, 2-0
1925 Automaker Dodge Brothers, Inc is sold to Dillon, Read & Company for $146 million plus $50 million for charity.
1927 Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford become the first celebrities to leave their footprints in concrete at Grauman's Chinese Theater in Hollywood.
1927 Princess Juliana gets seat in Dutch Council of State
1927 The Federal Industrial Institute for Women, opens in Alderson, West Virginia, as the first women's federal prison in the United States.
1928 Cherkess Autonomous Region forms in RSFSR (until 1957)
1929 Earnest Streeruwitz becomes chancellor of Austria
1934 Austrian gets "Austrian facist" constitution
1935 World Congress for Women's Rights concludes in Istanbul
1937 General Douglas MacArthur marries Jean Faircloth
1937 The Philippines holds a plebiscite for Filipino women on whether they should be extended the right to suffrage; over 90% would vote in the affirmative.
1938 Bradman scores 258 Aust v Worcs, 293 mins, 33 fours 1 five
1938 The animated cartoon short Porky's Hare Hunt debuts in movie theaters, introducing Happy Rabbit (a prototype of Bugs Bunny).
1938 The first televised FA Cup Final takes place between Huddersfield Town and Preston North End.
1939 NBC inaugurates its regularly scheduled television service in New York City, broadcasting President Franklin D. Roosevelt's N.Y. World's Fair opening day ceremonial address.
1939 The 1939-40 New York World's Fair opens.
1939 Tropicana ballet of Havana Cuba, forms
1940 Bkln Dodger Tex Carleton no-hits Cin Reds, 3-0
1941 Spread of Judaism begins in Croatia
1942 1st submarine built on Great Lakes launched, (Peto), Manitowoc, Wi
1943 Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp for Jews forms
1943 Dutch strike against forced labor in Nazi Germany's war industry
1943 Noel Coward's "This Happy Breed," premieres in London
1943 Operation Mincemeat, The submarine HMS Seraph surfaces in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Spain to deposit a dead man planted with false invasion plans and dressed as a British military intelligence officer, World War II.
1944 NY Giant, Mel Ott scores 6 runs in 1 game drawing 5 walks for 4th time
1944 NY Giant Phil Weintraub gets 11 RBIs
1945 "Arthur Godfrey Time" begins a 27 year run on CBS radio
1945 Concentration camp Munchen-Allag freed
1945 Lord Haw-Haw calls for crusade against the bolsheviks
1945 Red Army occupies Demmin
1945 Red Army opens attack on German Reichstag building in Berlin
1945 Russian Army frees Ravensbruck concentration camp
1945 US troops attack the Elbe
1945 Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun commit suicide in the Fuehrerbunker after being married for one day. Soviet soldiers raise the Victory Banner over the Reichstag building, World War II.
1946 Cleve Indian Bob Feller's 2nd no-hitter beats NY Yankees, 1-0
1947 In Nevada, the Boulder Dam is renamed Hoover Dam a second time in honor of Herbert Hoover.
1948 "Inside USA" opens at Century Theater NYC for 339 performances
1948 In Bogotá, Colombia, the Organization of American States is established.
1948 Org of American States charter signed at Bogota, Colombia
1948 US performs atmospheric nuclear test at Enwetak
1950 Babe Didrikson-Zaharias wins LPGA 144-hole Golf Weathervane
1952 Louise Suggs wins LPGA Stockton Golf Open
1952 Mr Potato Head is 1st toy advertised on television
1953 In Warner Robins, Georgia, an F4 tornado kills 18 people.
1953 Little-Bigger League changes its name to Babe Ruth League
1954 Darius Milhauds 4th Concert for piano/orch premieres in Haifa
1955 Element 101, Mendelevium, announced
1955 Imperial Bank of India nationalized
1955 Perez Prado's "Cherry Pink & Apple Blossom White" goes #1 for 10 weeks
1955 West German unions protest for 40-hour work week & more wages
1956 Former Vice President and Senator Alben Barkley dies during a speech in Virginia. He collapses after proclaiming "I would rather be a servant in the house of the lord than sit in the seats of the mighty."
1958 Ted Williams is 10th major league player to get 1,000 extra-base hits
1961 1st shuttle flights between Wash DC, Boston & NYC begin (Eastern)
1961 Lee Harvey Oswald marries Marina Prusakova in Minsk USSR
1961 Mickey Wright wins LPGA Titleholders Golf Championship
1961 Premier Fidel Castro of Cuba receives Lenin-Peace Prize
1961 SF Giant Willie Mays hits 4 HRs in a game
1962 NASA civilian pilot Joseph A Walker takes X-15 to 75,190 m
1962 Willie Mays hits 4 HRs
1967 Highest tower to the world finished, 537m (USSR)
1967 Mickey Wright wins LPGA Shreveport Kiwanis Club Golf Invitational
1967 NY Met pitcher Tom Seaver wins hist 1st game
1967 Orioles' Stu Miller & Steve Barber lose 2-1 despite no-hitting Tigers
1967 The Aldene Connection opened in Roselle Park, NJ, shutting down the CNJ's Jersey City waterfront terminal and transferring commuters to Newark Penn Station.
1968 3 Oriole pitchers walk 14 NY Yankees in a 9 inning game
1969 Cin Red Jim Maloney 3rd no-hitter beats Houston Astros, 10-0
1969 WEDB TV channel 40 in Berlin, NH (PBS) begins broadcasting
1970 Cubs Billy Williams is 1st NLer to play in 1,000 consecutive games
1970 US troops invade Cambodia
1971 25th NBA Championship: Milwaukee beat Balt Bullets in 4 games
1972 "Arthur Godfrey Time" ends a 27 year run on radio
1972 Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Alamo Ladies Golf Open
1973 Paul McCartney releases "Red Rose Speedway" including "My Love"
1973 U.S. President Richard Nixon announces that top White House aids H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman and others have resigned after the Watergate Scandal.
1973 Women's tennis groups end disputes over sanctioning tournaments
1974 Pres Nixon hands over partial transcripts of Watergate tape recordings
1975 Fall of Saigon, Last US helicopter leaves US embassy grounds, Saigon surrenders, Communist forces gain control of Saigon. The Vietnam War formally ends with the unconditional surrender of South Vietnamese president Duong Van Minh.
1976 Muhammad Ali beats Jimmy Young in 15 for heavyweight boxing title
1976 Royal Canadian Mint opens a branch in Winnipeg Manitoba
1976 Wings release "Silly Love Songs"
1977 "Party with Comden & Green" closes at Morosco NYC after 92 perfs
1977 Billy Graham beats Bruno Sammartino in Baltimore, to become WWF champ
1977 Ron Cey sets record of 29 RBIs in April
1978 "Elvis: The Legend Lives!" closes at Palace NYC after 101 perfs
1978 Janet Coles wins LPGA Natural Light Lady Tara Golf Classic
1979 Mary Therese Friel, (New York), crowned 28th Miss USA
1980 "Barnum" opens at St James Theater NYC for 854 performances
1980 Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands, abdicates. Beatrix, Wilhelmina Armgard, crowned queen of Netherlands
1980 Ronald Harwood's "Dresser," premieres in London
1980 Terrorists seize Iranian Embassy in London
1981 "Can-Can" opens at Minskoff Theater NYC for 5 performances
1981 16th Academy of Country Music Awards: Barbara Mandrell & George Jones
1982 Alvaro Magana chosen to succeed Jose N Duarte as pres of El Salvador
1982 Atlanta Braves win record 12th straight from beginning of season
1982 Iranian offensive in Khusistan
1983 Bruins 3-Isles 7-Wales Conference Championship-Isles hold 2-1 lead
1984 1700 skiers participate in an alpine event at Are Sweden
1984 Strong winds cause a 30 min delay in Toronto Blue Jays game
1985 Dale Murphy drives in record tying 28th & 29th runs of April
1985 France performs nuclear test at Muruora Island
1985 Last edition of Brink Daily Mail/Sunday Express in South Africa
1986 Ashrita Furman peformed 8,341 somersaults over 12 miles
1986 Mariners strike out 16 times, set record of 36 in 2 consecutive games
1987 Lou Lamoriello is named NJ Devils President
1987 NY Islander Mike Bossy plays his final game
1988 Baltimore Orioles win record 14th straight from beginning of season
1988 Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II officially opens World Expo '88 in Brisbane, Australia.
1988 Largest banana split ever, at 455 miles long, was made in Penns
1988 NJ Devils beat Caps 3-2 taking 7th game of Patrick Division final
1988 NY Knights 1st arena football game beats Cobras 60-52 (10,157 in LA)
1988 NY Yank Dave Winfield gets his 29th RBI of April-Sets AL & ties ML Rec
1989 Critics Siskel & Ebert film their 500th TV movie-review show
1989 Kathy Postlewait wins LPGA Sara Lee Golf Classic
1989 Pope John Paul II beatifies Victoire Rasoamanarivo of Madagascar
1989 US beats Costa Rica 1-0, in 3rd round of 1990 world soccer cup
1990 As Met pitcher David Cone argues a call at 1st base, 2 Braves score
1990 Seattle's Brian Holman's perfect game broken up with 2 outs in 9th
1990 US 66th manned space mission STS 31 (Discovery 10) returns from space
1990 US hostage Frank Reed freed after 4 years in hands of pro-Iranians
1991 In Bangladesh a cyclone killed over 131,000 & left 9 million homeless
1992 208th & final episode of Cosby Show on NBC-TV
1993 CERN announces World Wide Web protocols will be free.
1993 The World Wide Web is born at CERN.
1993 Virgin Radio broadcasts for the first time in the United Kingdom.
1994 Soccer great Pele (53) weds psychologist Assiria Seixas Lemos (36)
1995 "Blood Brothers" closes at Music Box Theater NYC after 839 perfs
1995 "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes" closes at Lyceum Theater NYC after 24 perfs
1995 "Rose Tattoo" opens at Circle in the Square Theater NYC for 80 perfs
1995 After 120 years the last 15 A & S dept stores close
1995 U.S. President Bill Clinton became the first President to visit Northern Ireland.
1995 Val Skinner wins LPGA Sprint Golf Championship
1996 "Buried Child," opens at Atkinson Theater NYC for 77 performances
1996 Dutch/Itallian Beppo-SAX launches from Cape Canaveral
1996 Howard Stern Radio Show premieres in Grand Rapids MI on WKLQ 94.5 FM
1997 "London Assurance," opens at Criterion Theater NYC for 72 performances
1997 42 million watch "Ellen" admit she is gay
1997 Atlanta Braves win record 19 games in April
1997 Big Ben stops at 12:11 PM for 54 minutes
1997 Pres Clinton's daughter Chelsea chooses to attend Stanford College
1997 Tajik Prest Imomali Rakhmonov wounded in assassination attempt
1997 Tino Martinez hits record 34 RBIs in April
1999 Cambodia joins the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) bringing the number of members to 10.
2001 The Mitchell Report on the Arab-Israeli conflict is published.
2002 A referendum in Pakistan overwhelmingly approves the Presidency of Pervez Musharraf for another five years.
2004 U.S. media release graphic photos of American soldiers abusing and sexually humiliating Iraqi prisoners at Abu Ghraib prison.
2008 Two skeletal remains found near Ekaterinburg, Russia were confirmed by Russian scientists to be the remains of Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia and one of his sisters.
2009 Chrysler automobile company files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
2009 Failed attack on the Dutch Royal Family results in 7 deaths and 17 injured.
2009 The United Kingdom formally ends combat operations in Iraq.
2012 Manchester City defeat Manchester United 1-0 in what is claimed to be the biggest match in the English Premier League's history
2012 Overloaded ferry in the Brahmaputra River,India, killing 103 people
2012 Spain's economy double dips after a 0.3% contraction and 25% unemployment rate
2012 The unfinished One World Trade Center overtakes the Empire State building to become the tallest building in New York
2013 13 people are killed after a bomb explodes in Damascus
2013 Willem-Alexander becomes the first male Monarch of Netherlands in 123 years
2013 Apple offers the largest bond offering from a private company of 17 Billion
2013 Hannah Warren, who was born without a trachea, at 2, becomes the youngest patient to receive a stem cell bioengineered organ
2014 Masked gunmen and pro-Russian separatists take control of more buildings in eastern Ukraine
2015 Jameis Winston from Florida State first pick by Tampa Bay Buccaneers at the 2015 NFL Draft
2015 US senator Bernie Sanders announces he will seek the Democratic Party's nomination for President

HIDE

HIDE

1245 King Philip III of France (d. 1285)
1309 Kazimierz III de Great, King of Poland (1333-70)
1331 Gaston Phoebus of Foix (d.1391)
1553 Louise de Lorraine-Vaudémont, queen of France (d. 1601)
1602 William Lilly, England, astrologer/author/almanac compiler
1623 François de Laval, first bishop of New France (d. 1708)
1651 Jean-Baptiste de la Salle, French educational reformer, Catholic saint (d. 1719)
1662 Queen Mary II of England (d. 1694)
1664 François Louis, Prince of Conti, French general (d. 1709)
1710 Johann Kaspar Basselet von La Rosée, Bavarian general (d. 1795)
1717 Guillaume Gommaire Kennis, composer
1723 Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French naturalist (d. 1806)
1743 Robert Jasper van de Capellen, master of Marsch/politician
1767 Jean Henri Appelius, lawyer/minister of Finance
1770 David Thompson, Canadian explorer (Columbia River) (d. 1857)
1777 Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician (d. 1855)
1790 John Cockerill, English/Belgian industrialist
1792 Johann Friedrich Schwencke, composer
1797 Andreas V Michiels, Dutch military governor of West-Sumatra
1803 Albrecht Graf von Roon, Prime Minister of Prussia (d. 1879)
1805 William Kerley Strong, Brigadier General (Union volunteers) (d. 1867)
1812 Kaspar Hauser, German mystery boy, son of grand duke Karel van Bathe (d. 1833)
1823 George JD Campbell, Scottish/Brit Minister to Indies (1868-74/80-85)
1829 Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist (d. 1884)
1830 Davis Tillson, Bvt Major General (Union volunteers) (d. 1895)
1837 Alfred Gaul, composer
1846 Rosalie Amstein, writer
1853 Alfred v Berger, writer
1857 Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1940)
1858 Mary Scott Lord Dimmick Harrison, 1st lady (1889-1893)
1864 Frans Netscher, Dutch writer/journalist (Studies of nude model)
1864 Juhan Liiv, Estonian poet (d. 1913)
1865 Max Nettlau, German anarchist (d. 1944)
1869 Hans Poelzig, German architect (d. 1936)
1870 Franz Lehár, Austrian composer (Naughty Marietta) (d. 1948)
1874 Cyriel Verschaeve, Flemish clergyman (d. 1949)
1876 Orso Mario Corbino, Italian physicist (d. 1937)
1877 Alice B. Toklas, American companion of Gertrude Stein (d. 1967)
1882 Trijntje "Nine" van de Schaaf, author (To the Invisible)
1883 David John de Lloyd, composer
1883 Jaroslav Hašek, Czech novelist (d. 1923)
1884 Albert Israel Elkus, composer
1885 Luigi Russolo, composer
1886 Frank Merrik, composer
1888 John Crowe Ransom, US poet/critic (God Without Thunder)
1889 Acario Cotapos, composer
1889 Rudolph Hermann Simonsen, composer
1891 Watze Cuperus, Frisian author (Swart mar leaflik)
1893 Joachim von Ribbentrop, Nazi foreign minister (d. 1946)
1895 Philippe Panneton, French Canadian physician, diplomat and writer (d. 1960)
1896 Gary Davis, Laurens SC, blues/folk guitarist (A Little More Faith)
1896 Hans List, Austrian inventor (d. 1996)
1897 Humberto Mauro, Brazilian director and screenwriter (d. 1983)
1899 Jannetje Fisherman-Roosendaal, author (regional novels)
1899 Lucie Mannheim, Berlin, actress (East Meets West, 39 Steps)
1901 Simon Kuznets, Ukrainian-born economist, Nobel laureate (d. 1985)
1902 Andre-Francois Marescotti, composer
1902 Rudolf Wittelsbach, composer
1902 Theodore Schultz, American economist, Nobel laureate (d. 1998)
1903 Gunther AR Raphael, German composer (Symphony Breve)
1905 Sergey Nikolsky, Russian mathematician
1908 Bjarni Benediktsson, Icelandic foreign and later prime minister (d. 1970)
1908 Eve Arden, American actress (d. 1990)
1909 F. E. McWilliam,Irish sculptor (d. 1992)
1909 Juliana, Queen of Netherlands (1948-80) (d. 2004)
1910 Al Lewis, actor (Leo-Car 54, Grandpa-Munsters)
1911 Hans Studer, composer
1911 John-Baptist J Walgrave, [Henricus/Humanus], Flemish, theologist
1911 Luise Rinser, writer
1912 Eve Arden, Mill Valley California, actress (Connie-Our Miss Brooks)
1912 Manuel Gutierrez Mellado, soldier/politician
1913 Bernard Charles Sendall, deputy director general (ITA)
1913 Edith Fowke, folklorist
1914 Sid Weiss, bassist
1916 Claude Shannon, American engineer and mathematician (d. 2001)
1916 Dugo D Schenker, Suriname/Antillian producer
1916 Robert Shaw, American conductor (Robert Shaw Chorale) (d. 1999)
1917 Bea Wain, US singer/radio host (Lucky Strike Hit Parade)
1918 W Donald McNeill, tennis champ (US Open-1940)
1919 Valeer (Valerius V) van Kerkhove, Flemish writer/producer
1920 Duncan Hamilton, British racing driver (d. 1994)
1920 Leen 't Hart, Dutch organist/composer
1921 Tove Maës, Danish actress
1922 Anton Murray, cricketer (South African batsman in 10 Tests 1951-55)
1923 Al Lewis, American actor (d. 2006)
1923 Alan Wharton, cricketer (Engld batsman once v NZ 1949, scored 7 & 13)
1923 Francis Tucker, South African Rally Driver (d. 2008)
1923 George Byatt, playwright
1923 Percy Heath, American jazz musician (Modern Jazz Quartet) (d. 2005)
1924 Sheldon Harnick, Chicago, lyricist (Fiorello, Fiddler on the Roof)
1925 Corinne Calvet, French actress (Phantom of Hollywood) (d. 2001)
1925 Johnny Horton, American musician (d. 1960)
1926 Cloris Leachman, American actress (Last Picture Show, Phyllis)
1926 Corinne Calvet, France, actress (Apache Uprising)
1926 Edmund Cooper, UK, sci-fi author (Seed of Light, All Fool's Day)
1927 Johnny Horton, Los Angeles Ca, rocker
1927 Lars Hall, Sweden, Pentathelete (Olympic-gold-1952)
1928 Hugh Hood, Canadian author (d. 2000)
1929 Peter Carsten, Weissenberg Bavaria, actor (Mr Super Invisible)
1930 Félix Guattari, French philosopher and social theorist, (d. 1992)
1930 Raoul de Keyser (Dekeyser), Flemish painter
1931 William L (Bill) Clay, (Rep-D-MO, 1969)
1932 Anton Larrauri, composer
1933 Dickie Davies, British television presenter
1933 Willie Nelson, American country singer (On the Road Again)
1934 Jerry Lordan, English composer and singer (d.1995)
1936 Zohra Lampert, actress (Doctors' Hospital, Girl With Something Extra)
1938 Gary Collins, American actor (6th Sense, Home Show)
1938 Juraj Jakubisko, Slovak film director
1938 Larry (Van Cott) Niven, American sci-fi author (5 Hugo, Neutron Star)
1939 Ellen Taafe Zwilich, Miami Florida, (1st woman composer Pulitzer 1982)
1939 Pieter van Vollenhoven, husband of Dutch Princess Margriet
1940 Burt Young, American actor (Convoy, Rocky)
1941 Johnny Farina, American musician and composer (Santo & Johnny)
1941 Stavros Dimas, Greek politician
1941 Wilfried Jentzsh, composer
1943 Bobby Vee, American singer (Devil or Angel, Night has a Thousand Eyes)
1943 Frederick Chiluba, former Zambian president (1991-2001)
1943 Robert L Livingston, (Rep-R-Louisiana, 1977)
1944 Jill Clayburgh, American actress (Unmarried Woman, Semi-Tough)
1944 Richard Shoff, rocker (Sandpipers)
1945 Annie Dillard, American writer (An American Childhood)
1945 Claude van de Berge (Rony MF Pauwels), Flemish writer (Graph Theory)
1945 Michael J Smith American astronaut Cmdr USN (51L-Challenger disaster) (d. 1986)
1945 Mike Beacon, rocker (Ox)
1945 Mimi Farina, rocker (Reflections in a Crystal Wind)
1946 Bill Plympton, American animator
1946 Donald Schollander, American swimmer (Olympic-4 gold-64)
1946 Karl XVI Gustav F H, King of Sweden (1973)
1947 Finn Kalvik, Norwegian singer
1947 Leslie Grantham, English actor
1947 Manousos Manousakis, Greek director and producer
1947 Mats Odell, Swedish politician
1947 Robert Scott, (Rep-D-Virginia)
1947 Tom Køhlert, Danish footballer, IF coach
1948 Perry King, American actor (Andy Warhol's "Bad")
1948 Wayne Kramer, guitarist (MC5, Dangerous Madness)
1949 António Guterres, Prime Minister of Portugal
1949 Phil Garner, baseball manager
1951 Panuta Rosani, Poland, discus (Olympic 1976) drug disqualified
1952 Jacques Audiard, French film director
1952 Tom Pesek, PC programmer (creator of HAL 9000 program)
1953 Merrill Osmond, American musician, singer (The Osmonds, Donnie & Marie)
1954 Gunther Tiersch, German DR, 8 man cox (Olympic-gold-1968)
1954 Jane Campion, New Zealand film director
1955 Dimitra Papandreau, Greece, wife of Greek PM Andreas Papandreau
1955 Nicolas Hulot, French journalist
1956 Jorge Chaminé, Portuguese baritone
1956 Lars von Trier, Danish film director
1957 Aviva Chomsky, American historian, daughter of Noam Chomsky
1957 Duane G Carey, St Paul Minn, major USAF/astronaut
1958 Charles Berling, French actor, director and screenwriter
1959 Kamaran Abdalla, Iraq/Engl/Neth actor (Goede Tijden Selechte Tijden)
1959 Lauren Howe, LPGA golfer
1959 Paul Gross, Canadian actor, director, and writer
1959 Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada
1959 W. Thomas Smith, Jr, American author and columnist
1960 David Miscavige, American cult leader
1960 Kerry Healey, American politician
1961 Isiah Thomas, American basketball player, NBA forward (Detroit Piston; 1990 NBA playoff MVP)
1963 Michael Waltrip, American race car driver
1963 Steve Smith, Glasgow Scotland, NHL defenseman (Chicago Blackhawks)
1964 Barrington Levy, Jamaican musician
1964 Ian Healy, Australian cricketer
1964 Jeff Reboulet, Dayton OH, infielder (Minnesota Twins)
1965 Adrian Pasdar, American actor (C Oliver Resor-Feds, Top Gun)
1965 Daniela Costian, Australian discus/shot putter (Olympics-96)
1966 Aundray Bruce, defensive end (Oakland Raiders)
1966 David Meggett, NFL running back (NY Giants, NE Patriots)
1966 Glenn Humplik, Canadian TV Show Co-Host (Tom Green Show)
1966 Jeff Brown, Canadian ice hockey player, NHL defenseman (Hartford Whalers)
1967 Steven Mackintosh, British actor
1968 Babette Van Veen, Neth, actress (Linda-GTST, Blueberry Hill)
1968 Paulo Jr, Brazilian pop bassist (Sepultura, Morbid Visions)
1968 Richard Pilon, Saskatoon, NHL defenseman (NY Islanders)
1968 Roger Mar, Seattle Wash, rapid fire pistol (Olympics-1996)
1968 Sandra Beikoff, Mackay QLD, golfer (1990 Sunshine Coast Open)
1969 Dexter Rogers, St Petersburg Fla, volleyball opposite hitter (Oly-96)
1969 Joey Restivo, Brooklyn, rocker (Linear-I Never Felt This Way, Lies)
1969 Paulo Jr., Brazilian musician (Sepultura)
1969 Warren Defever, American musician, composer
1970 Brad Layton, Seymour Ind, rower (Olympics-1996)
1970 Debbie D, Phila Pa, actress (Attack of Vampire Mermaid)
1970 Ken Stanton, American Radio Personality
1971 B J Tyler, NBA guard (Toronto Raptors)
1971 Darren Emerson, English DJ (Underworld)
1971 John Boyne, Irish novelist
1971 Matt Martin, Hamden, NHL defenseman (Toronto Maple Leafs, Oly-US-94)
1971 Randy Bierman, WLAF tackle (Scottish Claymores)
1971 Ryan Hawblitzel, West Palm Beach Fla, pitcher (Colorado Rockies)
1971 Ty Hallock, fullback (Jacksonville Jaguars)
1972 Kendricke Bullard, NFL wide receiver (NE Patriots)
1972 Mario Schaden, hockey forward (Team Austria 1998)
1973 Akon, American R&B Singer
1973 Jeff Timmons, American singer (98 Degrees)
1974 Cedric Jones, defensive end (NY Giants)
1974 Chris Darkins, NFL running back (Green Bay Packers-Superbowl 31)
1975 Beverley Peele, model [or Apr 7]
1975 Elliott Sadler, American race car driver
1975 Johnny Galecki, American actor (American Dreamer, David-Roseanne)
1975 Mike Chat, American actor
1976 Amanda Palmer, American musician (The Dresden Dolls)
1977 Jeannie Haddaway, American politician
1977 Pell James, American actress
1978 Tom Fulp, Animator and Founder of Newgrounds
1979 Gerardo Torrado, Mexican footballer
1980 Jeroen Verhoeven, Dutch footballer
1980 Luis Scola, Argentinean basketball player
1981 Emma Pierson, British actress
1981 John O'Shea, Irish footballer
1981 Kunal Nayyar, Indian/British actor
1982 Andrew Seeley, Canadian actor and singer
1982 Cleo Higgins, British singer and actress
1982 Drew Seeley, Canadian actor and singer
1982 Emma Anzai, Australian musician, bass player in Sick Puppies
1982 Kirsten Dunst, American actress (Interview with the Vampire, Spider-Man)
1982 Lloyd Banks, American rapper
1983 Tatjana Hüfner, German luger
1983 Troy Williamson, American football player
1983 Yamini, Tamil Singer
1984 Lee Roache, English footballer
1984 Shawn Daivari, Persian-American professional wrestler and manager
1985 Ashley Alexandra Dupré, American singer and call girl
1986 Dianna Agron, American Actress (Quinn Fabray-Glee)
1987 Alipate Carlile, Australian rules footballer
1987 Nikki Webster, Australian entertainer
1987 Rohit Sharma, Indian Cricketer
1988 Molloko, SD Zoo, 1st California condor chick conceived in captivity
2002 Miguel Urdangarín y de Borbón, Spanish prince

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65 Lucan, Roman poet (b. 39)
313 Gaius G V Maximus (Daia), Emperor of Rome
535 Amalaswintha, queen of Ostrogoten, murdered
1030 Mohammud van Ghazna, Turkish mayor (G'widen)/Islamic ruler
1063 Emperor Renzong of China (b. 1010)
1131 Adjutor, Roman Catholic Saint
1196 Boudouin II, bishop of Utrecht (1178-96)
1214 Huguccio/Hugo van Pisa, Italian bishop
1328 Eckhard, German theologist/mystic
1341 John III, Duke of Brittany (b. 1285)
1439 Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, English military leader (b. 1382)
1524 Pierre Terrail, seigneur de Bayard, French soldier (b. 1473)
1544 Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, Lord Chancellor of England
1555 Pope Marcellus II (b. 1501)
1630 Ercole Porta, composer
1632 Jean de Tilly, fieldmarshal
1632 Johan Tzerclaes, Count of Tilly, Bavarian general (b. 1559)
1632 Sigismund III, King of Poland, Sweden (b. 1561)
1642 Dmitry Pozharsky, Russian prince (b. 1578)
1655 Eustache Le Sueur, French painter (b. 1617)
1660 Petrus Scriverius, Dutch writer (b. 1576)
1696 Robert Plot, British naturalist (b. 1640)
1708 Simon de Vries, book seller/writer (Unequal)
1712 Philipp van Limborch, Dutch Protestant theologian (b. 1633)
1736 Johann Albert Fabricius, German classical scholar and bibliographer (b. 1668)
1743 Pedro de Peralta y Barnuevo, Peruvian playwright/poet
1758 François d'Agincourt, French composer (b. 1684)
1784 Franz K earl von Velbruck, German free mason
1785 Frederick Philipse 3, land owner (Bronx, Westch & Putnam)
1792 Hans Adolf Friedrich von Eschstruth, composer
1792 John Montague 4th Earl of Sandwich, English Naval minister, supposed inventor of the sandwich (b. 1718)
1793 Lorenzo Fago, composer
1795 Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, French writer and numismatist (b. 1716)
1800 John H Midderigh, Rotterdam patriot
1828 Shaka, the great Zulu King, killed
1829 George Washington Adams, son of John Q Adams
1841 Peter Andreas Heiberg, Danish author and philologist (b. 1758)
1847 Charles L J, Archduke Charles of Austria, Austrian general (b. 1771)
1848 Friedrich Freiherr Gagern, German/Dutch army commandant
1855 Henry Rowley Bishop, British composer/conductor
1859 Sergei T Aksakov, Russian writer (Bagrova-vnuka)
1863 Jean Danjou, French foreign legion captain (b. 1828)
1865 Robert Fitzroy, English admiral and meteorologist (b. 1805)
1875 Jean Frederic Waldeck, French explorer, lithographer, and cartographer (b. 1766)
1879 Emma Hale Smith Bidamon, wife of Joseph Smith, and mother of Joseph Smith III (b.1804)
1883 Édouard Manet, French impressionist painter (b. 1832)
1887 Friedrich Wilhelm Markull, composer
1893 Gyula Beliczay, composer
1895 Gustav Freytag, writer
1896 Antonio Cagnoni, composer
1900 Casey Jones (John Luther), American train engineer, dies in Cannonball Express train wreck (b. 1863)
1903 Emily Stowe, Canadian physician and suffragist (b. 1831)
1912 František Kmoch, Czech composer
1919 Henry Wood, England cricket wicket keeper (in 4 Tests 1888-92)
1922 David M Chumaceiro, Curacaos poet
1931 Sammy Woods, cricketer (3 Tests for Australia, 3 for England)
1933 Luis Sanchez Cerro, Pres of Peru, assassinated by Hurtado de Mendoza
1934 William Henry Welch
1936 Alfred Edward Housman, English poet (b. 1859)
1942 Catherine Murphy Urner, composer
1942 J van Hoddis, writer
1943 Beatrice Potter Webb, British writer and economist (My Apprenticeship)
1943 Etty Hillesum, Dutch diarist, dies in Auschwitz
1943 Otto Jespersen, Danish philologist (b. 1860)
1945 Adolf Hitler, Austrian dictator of Nazi Germany (1936-45), commits suicide (b. 1889)
1945 Eva Braun, Adolf Hitler's new wife, commits suicide (b. 1912)
1952 Charles Radoux-Rogier, composer
1956 Alben W. Barkley, Vice President of the United States (1949-53) (b. 1877)
1957 Ludwig Schiedermair, German musicologist (Beethoven)
1959 Armand Louis Joseph Marsick, composer
1963 Bryant Washburn, actor (Nabonga, Millionaire Kid)
1965 Helen Chandler, actress (Dracula, Salute, Last Flight)
1966 Richard Farina, American writer and folk singer, dies on his birthday in a motorcycle accident (b. 1937)
1970 Hall Johnson, composer
1970 Inger Stevens, Swedish actress (Katy-Farmer's Daughter), commits suicide (b. 1934)
1970 Jacob Presser, historian/writer (Doom, Ondergang)
1971 Elmo Roper, pollster (Roper Poll)
1972 Gia Scala, English-American actress (Garment Jungle, I Aim at the Stars) (b. 1934)
1972 Ntare V, king of Burundi, murdered
1973 Josie Sedgwick, actress (White Moth)
1973 Václav Renc, Czech poet, dramatist and translator (b. 1911)
1974 Agnes Moorehead, American actress (b. 1900)
1976 Edvard Fliflet Braein, composer
1977 Clive Martin Douglas, composer
1980 Luis Muñoz Marín, Puerto Rican poet, journalist, and politician (b. 1898)
1980 Mary McCarty, actress (French Line)
1982 Albert TLCA Bird, lecture artist
1982 Herman Tholen, Dutch cabaret performer (Juveniles)
1982 Lester Bangs, American music journalist, author, and musician (b. 1949)
1982 Taisen Deshimaru, founder of several Zen centers in France
1983 George Balanchine, Russian-born dancer and choreographer (b. 1904)
1983 Jerry Hatsuo Fujikawa, actor (Uncle Matsu-Mr T & Tina)
1983 Muddy Waters, American blues musician (Mad Love) (b. 1915)
1984 Arthur T "Bomber" Harris, bombed nazi-Germany
1985 George Pravda, Czechoslovakian actor (b. 1918)
1987 Hugh Dempster, actor (Anna Karenina, Candles at Nine)
1988 James McCracken, US tenor
1989 Sergio Leone, Italian filmmaker (A Fistfull of Dollars, For a Few Dollars More, Good, Bad & Ugly) (b. 1929)
1989 Yi, Bang-ja, Crown Princess of Korea (b. 1901)
1991 George Sperti Sperti, inventor (Preparation H)
1991 Michael G Hagerty, actor (Overboard)
1992 Daan van Driel, Dutch cartoonist/WWII resist fighter (Trouw)
1993 David Waymer, NFLer (Saints, 49'ers, Raiders)
1993 Eric Rowan, cricketer (26 Tests for South Africa)
1993 Tommy Caton, English footballer (b. 1962)
1994 David Langton
1994 Ferdinando Scarfiotti, Italian set designer (Last Emperor)
1994 Geoffery Michael Roberts, vintner
1994 Richard McClure Scarry, US kid book illustrator/writer
1994 Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian race car driver, dies in crash (b. 1960)
1995 Donald Edwin White, ad copywriter/opera administrator
1995 Maung Maung Kha, Prime minister of Burma (b. 1920)
1995 Reinaldo de Carvalho, carnival king
1996 David Michael Ifshin, British political campaign organiser
1996 David Opatoshu, American actor (Torn Curtian, Raid on Entebbe) (b. 1918)
1996 Frank Henry Copplestone, TV executive
1996 Helene Cordet, entertainer/nightclub owner
1996 Julio Cesar Mendez Montenegro, pres of Guatemala (1966-70)
1998 Nizar Qabbani, Syrian poet (b. 1926)
2002 Charlotte von Mahlsdorf, founder of the Gründerzeit Museum in Berlin-Mahlsdorf. (b. 1928)
2002 Nitsa Tsaganea, Greek actress (b. 1899)
2003 Mark Berger, University of Kentucky professor (b. 1955)
2003 Peter 'Possum' Bourne, New Zealand race car driver (b. 1956)
2003 Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (b. 1923)
2005 Ron Todd, TGWU General Secretary (1985 1992) (b. 1927)
2006 Beatriz Sheridan, Mexican actress and director (b. 1934)
2006 Lawrence Patrick, Biomechanics Professor, crash test subject (b. 1920)
2006 Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Indonesian novelist (b. 1925)
2007 Gordon Scott, American actor (b. 1927)
2007 Grégory Lemarchal, French singer (b. 1983)
2007 Kevin Mitchell, American football player (b. 1971)
2007 Tom Poston, American actor (b. 1921)
2007 Zola Taylor, American singer (b. 1938)
2008 John Cargher, Australian radio broadcaster (b. 1919)
2010 Gerry Ryan, Irish radio broadcaster (b. 1956)
2011 Dorjee Khandu, Indian, Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh (b. 1955)
2013 Deanna Durbin, Canadian-born singer and actress (b. 1921)
2014 Leo Kraft, American composer
2015 Ben E. King [Benjamin Earl Nelson], American soul singer (Stand by Me)
2016 Daniel Berrigan, American Jesuit priest and peace activist (Vietnam War)
2016 Marisol (Maria Sol) Escobar, Venezuelan sculptor

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